AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND IMAGE INTERPRETATION

CONTENTS
Preface xi 1
Introduction 1

PART 1 GEOMETRY AND PHOTO MEASUREMENTS 25
2 Geometry of a Vertical Aerial Photograph 27
3 Principles of Stereoscopic Vision 44
4 Scale of a Vertical Aerial Photograph 68
5 Horizontal Measurements—Distance, Bearings, and Areas 86
6 Vertical Measurements 105
7 Acquisition of Aerial Photography 131




PART 2 MAPPING FROM VERTICAL AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS 159
8 Orthophotography 161
9 Map Projections, Grid Networks, and Control 173
10 The Global Positioning System 188
11 The Transfer of Detail 211
12 Geographic Information Systems 233

PART 3 PHOTO INTERPRETATION 243
13 Small Format Aerial Imagery 245
14 Films, Filters, and The Photographic Process 256
15 Principles and Techniques of Aerial Image Interpretation 280
16 Landforms and Drainage Patterns 306
17 Geology, Soils, and Engineering Applications 327
18 Land-Use Planning 353

19 Environmental Monitoring 370
20 Additional Topics in Natural Resources Management 386
21 Forestry 405 PART 4 NATURAL RESOURCES INVENTORY 429
22 Elementary Statistics and Sampling Techniques 431
23 Mapping Accuracy Assessment 460
24 Aerial Photo Mensuration 475
25 An Example Photo Timber Cruise 502

PART 5 AN INTRODUCTION TO REMOTE SENSING 521
26 Additional Characteristics of Electromagnetic Energy 523
27 Radar and Lidar—Active Remote Sensors 534
28 Scanning Remote Sensors 559
APPENDIXES
581
A Summary of Photogrammetric Formulas
583 B Summary of Statistical Formulas
587 C Specimen Contract for Aerial Photography
592 D Selected Aerial Photo Volume Tables
599 E Partial Answers to Questions and Problems
608 F Partial Answers to Laboratory Exercises
611 G Metric Conversion Charts 615 Index 617

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AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHYAND IMAGEINTERPRETATION