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Tuesday 5 March 2019

PETROLOGY OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS





Petrology of Sedimentary Rock




This book emphasizes the properties of sedimentary rocks rather than sedimentary processes. Thus, it focuses on description and discussion of mineralogic and chemical composition, as well as the textures and sedimentary structures that characterize sedimentary rocks.

SECOND EDITION, by Sam Bogs,Jr






Preface of the Book

As indicated in the first edition, this book emphasizes the properties of sedimentary rocks rather than sedimentary processes. Thus, it focuses on description and discussion of mineralogic and chemical composition, as well as the textures and sedimentary structures that characterize sedimentary rocks. 





Further, it discusses application of insights derived from study of rock properties to interpretation of their origin, including provenance (sediment source), depositional environments, and diagenesis. 


Part I of the book deals with basic principles related to the origin, classification and occurrence of sedimentary rocks. Part II describes and discusses the siliciclastic sedimentary rocks such as sandstones. 





Part III describes the carbonate sedimentary rocks (e.g. limestones), and Part IV discusses other chemical sedimentary rocks and carbonaceous sedimentary rocks such as oil shales. The book is aimed at advanced undergraduate and graduate students; however, professional geologists may also find the book useful.




Sedimentary petrology is a broad scientific discipline that encompasses study of all kinds of sedimentary rocks, including those that constitute a relatively small volume of total sedimentary rocks. 


These volumetrically minor rock types nonetheless provide valuable insight into Earth history, and some are economically significant. Thus, the book gives significant coverage to minor rock types such as cherts, phosphorites and iron-rich sedimentary rocks, as well as to more abundant sedimentary rocks such as sandstones, shales and limestones, which make up the bulk of the sedimentary rock record.




Petrologic study requires application of suitable techniques for field and laboratory observation and analysis. Several kinds of studies, such as measuring and describing sedimentary structures, are carried out in the field before specimens are collected for further analysis. 


In the laboratory, petrographic microscopy is a venerable, basic tool for studying the composition and texture of sedimentary rocks; however, it is being supplemented increasingly by a variety of other tools and techniques (see Chapter 1).




Electron microscopy, cathodoluminescence microscopy, X-radiography, electron probe microanalysis, Fourier analysis and various kinds of spectroscopic analyses are examples of techniques that allow further optical, geochemical and physical characterization of sedimentary rocks.




This book discusses applications of many of these techniques and furnishes references to numerous published monographs that provide further in-depth discussion of analytical methods. During preparation of Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks, I drew heavily upon the published work of numerous researchers. I wish to acknowledge the value of their contributions and to thank other individuals, including reviewers and editors, who contributed to the book.




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