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Sunday 20 January 2019

Book: Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation, 7th edition




Book: Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation, 7th edition



PREFACE OF THE BOOK

This book is designed to be primarily used in two ways: as a textbook in introductory courses in remote sensing and image interpretation and as a reference for the burgeoning number of practitioners who use geospatial information and analysis in their work. Rapid advances in computational power and sensor design are
allowing remote sensing and its kindred technologies, such as geographic information systems (GIS) and the Global Positioning System (GPS), to play an increasingly important role in science, engineering, resource management, commerce, and other fields of human endeavor.
Because of the wide range of academic and professional settings in which this book might be used, we have made this discussion “discipline neutral.” That is, rather than writing a book heavily oriented toward a single field such as business, ecology, engineering, forestry, geography, geology, urban and regional planning, or water resource management, we approach the subject in such a manner that students and practitioners in any discipline should gain a clear understanding of remote sensing systems and their virtually unlimited applications. 



In short, anyone involved in geospatial data acquisition and analysis should find this book to be a valuable text and reference. The world has changed dramatically since the first edition of this book was published, nearly four decades ago. Students may read this new edition in an ebook format on a tablet or laptop computer whose processing power and user interface are beyond the dreams of the scientists and engineers who pioneered theuse of computers in remote sensing and image interpretation in the 1960s and early 1970s. 



The book’s readers have diversified as the field of remote sensing has become a truly international activity, with countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America contributing at all levels from training new remote sensing analysts, to using geospatial technology in managing their natural resources, to launching and operating new earth observation satellites. At the same time, the proliferation of high‐resolution image‐based visualization platforms—from Google Earth to Microsoft’s Bing Maps—is in a sense turning everyone with access to the Internet into an “armchair remote‐sensing aficionado.” Acquiring the expertise to produce informed, reliable interpretations of all this newly available imagery, however, takes time and effort. To paraphrase the words attributed to Euclid, there is no royal road to image analysis—developing these skills still requires a solid grounding in the principles of electromagnetic radiation, sensor design, digital image processing, and applications.



This edition of the book strongly emphasizes digital image acquisition and analysis, while retaining basic information about earlier analog sensors and methods (from which a vast amount of archival data exist, increasingly valuable as a source for studies of long‐term change). We have expanded our coverage of lidar systems and of 3D remote sensing more generally, including digital photogrammetric methods such as structure‐from‐motion (SFM).

In keeping with the changes sweeping the field today, images acquired from uninhabited aerial system (UAS) platforms are now included among the figures and color plates, along with images from many of the new optical and radar satellites that have been launched since the previous edition was published. On the image analysis side, the continuing improvement in computational power has led to an increased emphasis on techniques that take advantage of high‐volume data sets, such as those dealing with neural network classification, object‐based image analysis, change detection, and image time‐series analysis.



While adding in new material (including many new images and color plates) and updating our coverage of topics from previous editions, we have also made some improvements to the organization of the book. Most notably, what was formerly Chapter 4—on visual image interpretation—has been split. The first sections, dealing with methods for visual image interpretation, have been brought into Chapter 1, in recognition of the importance of visual interpretation throughout the book (and the field).

The remainder of the former Chapter 4 has been moved to the end of the book and expanded into a new, broader review of applications of remote sensing not limited to visual methods alone. In addition, our coverage of radar and lidar systems has been moved ahead of the chapters on digital image analysis methods and applications of remote sensing. Despite these changes, we have also endeavored to retain the traditional strengths of this book, which date back to the very first edition. As noted above, the book is deliberately “discipline neutral” and can serve as an introduction to the principles, methods, and applications of remote sensing across many different subject areas. There is enough material in this book for it to be used in many different ways. Some courses may omit certain chapters and use the book in
a one‐semester or one‐quarter course; the book may also be used in a two‐course sequence. Others may use this discussion in a series of modular courses, or in a shortcourse/workshop format. Beyond the classroom, the remote sensing practitioner will find this book an enduring reference guide—technology changes constantly, but the fundamental principles of remote sensing remain the same. We have designed the book with these different potential uses in mind.



As always, this edition stands upon the shoulders of those that preceded it. Many individuals contributed to the first six editions of this book, and we thank them again, collectively, for their generosity in sharing their time and expertise. In addition, we would like to acknowledge the efforts of all the expert reviewers who have helped guide changes in this edition and previous editions. We thank the reviewers for their comments and suggestions.



Illustration materials for this edition were provided by: Dr. Sam Batzli, USGS WisconsinView program, University of Wisconsin—Madison Space Science and Engineering Center; Ruediger Wagner, Vice President of Imaging, Geospatial Solutions Division and Jennifer Bumford, Marketing and Communications, Leica Geosystems; Philipp Grimm, Marketing and Sales Manager, ILI GmbH; Jan Schoderer, Sales Director UltraCam Business Unit and Alexander Wiechert, Business Director, Microsoft Photogrammetry; Roz Brown, Media Relations Manager,
Ball Aerospace; Rick Holasek, NovaSol; Stephen Lich and Jason Howse, ITRES, Inc.; Qinghua Guo and Jacob Flanagan, UC‐Merced; Dr. Thomas Morrison, Wake Forest University; Dr. Andrea Laliberte, Earthmetrics, Inc.; Dr. Christoph Borel‐Donohue, Research Associate Professor of Engineering Physics, U.S. Air Force Institute of Technology; Elsevier Limited, the German Aerospace Center (DLR), Airbus Defence & Space, the Canadian Space Agency, Leica Geosystems, and the U.S. Library of Congress. 


Dr. Douglas Bolger, Dartmouth College, and Dr. Julian Fennessy, Giraffe Conservation Foundation, generously contributed to the discussion of wildlife monitoring in Chapter 8, including the giraffe telemetry data used in Figure 8.24. Our particular thanks go to those who kindly shared imagery and information about the Oso landslide in Washington State, including images that ultimately appeared in a figure, a color plate, and the front and back covers of this book; these sources include Rochelle Higgins and Susan Jackson at Quantum Spatial, Scott Campbell at the Washington State Department of Transportation, and Dr. Ralph Haugerud of the U.S. Geological Survey. Numerous suggestions relative to the photogrammetric material contained in this edition were provided by Thomas Asbeck, CP, PE, PLS; Dr. Terry Keating, CP, PE, PLS; and Michael Renslow, CP, RPP

We also thank the many faculty, academic staff, and graduate and undergraduate students at Dartmouth College and the University of Wisconsin— Madison who made valuable contributions to this edition, both directly and indirectly. Special recognition is due our families for their patient understanding and encouragement while this edition was in preparation.

Finally, we want to encourage you, the reader, to use the knowledge of remote sensing that you might gain from this book to literally make the world a better place. Remote sensing technology has proven to provide numerous scientific, commercial, and social benefits. Among these is not only the efficiency it brings to the day‐to‐day decision‐making process in an ever‐increasing range of applications, but also the potential this field holds for improving the stewardship of earth’s resources and the global environment. This book is intended to provide a technical foundation for you to aid in making this tremendous potential a reality


Thomas M. Lillesand 
Ralph W. Kiefer 
Jonathan W. Chipman
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Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation, 7th edition

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